Three isolates of the bacterium were identified, using the biolog software program biolog, hayward ca, and in each instance, the bacterium was confirmed as acidovorax avenae subsp. Acidovorax facilis is an aerobic, chemoorganotrophic bacterium used as a soil inoculant in agriculture and horticulture. The method uses vacuum pressure for disinfecting seeds from pathogens. Bacterial fruit blotch of watermelon acidovorax avenae subsp. General information about acidovorax citrulli psdmac. Journal of fujian agriculture and forestry universitynatural science edition. Jul 23, 2002 we sequenced a 619 and 617 bp fragment of the inner spacer region of 16s23s rdna of a strain of acidovorax avenae representing pathogens from several hosts, including foxtail, oats, corn, rice, millet, sugarcane, orchid, and watermelon and a strain of a. Since its first outbreak in 1987, bfb has broadened its host range worldwide, together with the lack of effective management methods, making it a potentially serious threat to the cucurbit industry 4,5,6,7,8,9,10. A new distribution map is provided for acidovorax citrulli schaad et al. The identity of this organism has been confirmed on samples submitted from widely separated locations suggesting the endemic nature of this disease in new south wales.
Martin h, horlock c 2002 first report of acidovorax avenae subsp. Bacterial fruit blotch, caused by acidovorax avenae subsp. Acidovorax citrulli psdmachost plants eppo global database. Description and identification of the causal organism of. Information is given on the geographical distribution in europe greece mainland. Pdf longterm survival and seed transmission of acidovorax. Maize striped leaf caused by acidovorax avenae subsp. Keywords acidovorax citrulli 4 citrullus lanatus 4. This thesis describes an investigation into the extracellular polymers of a consistent member of the activated sludge microbial community. Investigating intraspecific variation of acidovorax avenae subsp. For the seqpcr the recommended sample size is 30,000 seeds with a maximum sub. Selection of watermelon genotypes for resistance to bacterial. When grown on nutrient agar, they form unpigmented. Isolation and screening of the antagonistic and endophytic bacteria against acidovorax avenae subsp.
Acidovorax citrulli causes bacterial fruit blotch of cucurbits i. Exploring the northern limit of the distribution of. We sequenced a 619 and 617 bp fragment of the inner spacer region of 16s23s rdna of a strain of acidovorax avenae representing pathogens from several hosts, including foxtail, oats, corn, rice, millet, sugarcane, orchid, and watermelon and a strain of a. Four aac strains were grown in specific liquid medium, and. Cucurbit bacterial fruit blotch caused by acidovorax avenue subsp. Acidovorax avenue citrulli citrullus lanatus thunb. To understand the function of the baca gene in mycobacterium tuberculosis rv1819c, we insertionally inactivated this gene and analyzed the resulting mutant for a variety of phenotypes. A lamp primer set was designed for specific amplification of the hrpghrpx gene spacer region in a. The disease was first detected in florida in 1989 and. Acidovorax citrulli testa direct pcr for detection of. Denner, sabine rleke, werner lubitz, hansjgen busse instituteor microbiology and genetics, university of vienna, dr. The method is applicable to seeds from cucurbit species specifically watermelon, melon, squash. Other names i atcc 29625 acidivorax citrulli acidovorax avenae subsp.
Four aac strains were grown in specific liquid medium, and their growth evaluated by absorbance 580nm. In this study, we characterized a novel horizontal transfer of a gene cluster, including tetr, on the chromosome of a. Evaluation of several seed treatments for eradication of acidovorax avenae subsp. Improved understanding the disease epidemiology of bacterial fruit blotch helped researchers come up with disease management strategies, including seed treatments. Acidovorax citrulli has become quite common in china. Seed disinfection is important as seeds infected by pathogens could propagate them and lead to high losses of the crops. Under a microscope, they appear as straight to slightly curved rods that occurs singly or in short chains. Pdf maize striped leaf caused by acidovorax avenae subsp. Longterm survival and seed transmission of acidovorax avenae. Pdf molecular characterization of acidovorax citrulli strain. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf preservation of acidovorax avenae subsp. Longterm survival and seed transmission of acidovorax. All modern wastewater treatment systems rely on microbial processes for water clarification, with some 70% of systems utilising some form of the activated sludge process.
Baca is an inner membrane protein associated with maintenance of chronic infections in several diverse hostpathogen interactions. The pathogen was first described in 1978 by schaad et al. Method for the detection of acidovorax citrulli in seed of. All the primers showed amplification with a total of 1769 amplified fragments. Tetr acted as a repressor in this gene cluster and the oxidative stress resistance was enhanced in tetrdeletion mutant strain. Extracts from 25 watermelon samples either leaf or fruit are tested using the a. Development of molecular markers for detection of acidovorax. Reclassification of subspecies of acidovorax avenae as a. After the samples were extracted, a test immunostrip is placed into each tube and allowed to react for 10 min. Tetr acted as a repressor in this gene cluster and the oxidative stress resistance was.
Categories have been assigned by the eppo secretariat on the basis of available data at the time of entry. A multiplexpcr assay for identification of the quarantine. Type strain of acidovorax delafieldii at bacdive the bacterial diversity metadatabase this betaproteobacteria related article is a stub. Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes citrulli pseudomonas avenae subsp. This nitroaromatic compounddegrader organism was isolated from nitrobenzenecontaminated sediment and is capable of using 2nitrotolulene as a sole carbon. Acidovorax citrulli psdmacoverview eppo global database. Role of blossoms in watermelon seed infestation by. Knowledgebased strategies to limit watermelon seed. They correspond to an evaluation of the biological importance of the host plant for the pest concerned, together with the economic importance of this plant for the eppo region. Bacterial fruit blotch of watermelon acidovorax avenae.
To determine the effectiveness of several treatments to eradicate it from seeds, healthy triploid watermelon seed lots were spiked with naturally infected watermelon and melon seeds harvested from three separate diseased fruits. Acidovorax citrulli is the causal agent of bacteria fruit blotch bfb in cucurbit plants 1,2. To control the disease, nine seed treatments were evaluated for eradication of the pathogen from triploid watermelon seeds. In this study we developed an algorithm to screen for all exact molecular signatures of the quarantine pathogen xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Genetic diversity was determined using pulsed field gel electrophoresis pfge and multilocus sequence typing.
In this study, we report on the survival and seed transmission of a. While every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of this information, please check current reference. Because detection methods for the causal agent of bacterial fruit blotch, acidovorax avenae subsp. Strain designations c42 ccug 1739, icmp 7500, lmg 5376. Synonyms for acidovorax citrulli are acidovorax avenae subsp. Cai xueqing,yan fengjiao,lin yu,hu fangpingcollege of plant protection,fujian agriculture and forestry university,fuzhou,fujian 350002,china. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of temperature 0 to 45c, ph 4 to 10 and nacl concentration 1 to 10% in the growth of acidovorax avenae subsp. Baca, an abc transporter involved in maintenance of.
Valerianella locusta corn salad detection detection of pospiviroids in tomatopepper seed ishinaktuinbouw direct pcr for detecting. Role of blossoms in watermelon seed infestation by acidovorax. Frontiers regulatory role of tetr gene in a novel gene. The watermelon bacterium and other subspecies of p. Genetic diversity analysis of acidovorax citrulli in china.
Diagnostics for the detection of acidovorax avenae subsp. Kochs postulates were completed with 8dayold glasshousegrown cucumber cv. Jul 23, 2017 a lamp primer set was designed for specific amplification of the hrpghrpx gene spacer region in a. Acidovorax citrulli, formerly acidovorax avenae subspecies citrulli a. On the basis of carbon source utilization, dnafingerprinting profiles, wholecell fattyacid composition utilization and pathogenicity assays, a. Acidovorax facilis schatz and bovell, 1952 willems et al. The present invention relates to the treatment of plant material, especially seeds. Pdf bacterial fruit blotch bfb, caused by acidovorax citrulli, is an economically devastating disease in melon. Approximately 98% 8487 of fruit developed from blossoms inoculated with 1 x 107 or 1 x 109 cfu of a. Genetic diversity was determined using pulsed field gel electrophoresis pfge and. Sample and subsample size for the growout, the recommended minimum sample size is 10,000 seeds and can be up to 30,000 seeds per lot. Evaluation of seed treatments for the eradication of.
The simultaneous presence of genes avrbst and xopl is specific to xap. The current preferred name for this pathogen is acidovorax citrulli. The results showed chlorox at 50 c for 20 minutes, tsunami 100 for 30. Us20050196805a1 diagnostics for the detection of acidovorax. Genotypic and phenotypic relatedness among strains of phytopathogenic a. Therefore we developed a multiplex pcr assay targeting avrbst. The inability to control bfb thus far, stems from a lack of detailed knowledge of key aspects of seed. First report on the occurrence of bacterial stripe organism acidovorax avenae subsp. Identification of pathogenicityrelated genes in biofilm. Pcr primers for detection and identification of plant. Budding yeasts of the genus saccharomyces, and particularly the model species saccharomyces cerevisiae, are the most studied group of fungi in the laboratory.
Characterization of a new pseudomonas isolate, capable of. Abstract the role of watermelon blossom inoculation in seed infestation by acidovorax avenae subsp. Knowledgebased strategies to limit watermelon seed infection. In particular, the present invention relates to a novel protein that is specific for a. Get your team aligned with all the tools you need on one secure, reliable video platform.
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